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br Acknowledgement This work was supported by grant form EU
2020-05-29
Acknowledgement This work was supported by grant form EU (FP7 grant agreement no.: 266033 SPonge Enzyme End Cell for Innovative AppLication-SPECIAL). Introduction Prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs) have central roles in the synthesis of collagens and the regulation of oxygen homeostasis [1]. The po
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br Acknowledgement This research was supported by a grant fr
2020-05-28
Acknowledgement This research was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2013R1A1A2011238) funded to Young-Mi Lee. Introduction Stroke is considered a serious disease with high morbidity and high mortality. More than 6 million deaths are reported each year wo
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The assessment process is even more difficult when
2020-05-28
The assessment process is even more difficult when Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components – whose internals are partially or totally unknown – come into play. COTS are being increasingly used by the industry to reduce costs and to shorten development (and possibly deployment) time. However, sinc
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The classification of CK substrates based on
2020-05-28
The classification of CK2 substrates based on active enzyme subunit composition provides a framework for understanding the regulatory function of CK2β subunit. However, few experiments exist that functionally explore such classification [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]; this reflects practic
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Significantly elevated levels of DNA damage observed in peri
2020-05-28
Significantly elevated levels of DNA damage observed in peripheral blood of tea garden women workers indicate the occupational exposure. The same was observed in cholinesterase activities, which detected lower activity in the exposed group compared to non-exposed. Large volumes of pesticides are use
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Rat pheochromocytoma PC cells have been widely used as
2020-05-28
Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells have been widely used as a cell system to study intracellular signaling leading to neurite outgrowth. The advantages of using PC12 cells in the CHK studies are the fact that they naturally express the rat form of CHK and the observation that down-regulation of CHK fun
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We hypothesize that both IGF dependent
2020-05-28
We hypothesize that both IGF-1-dependent kinase activation and locally synthesized neuroestrogens interactively regulate estrogen receptor activity in neuronal insulin receptor in the absence of exogenously applied estradiol. The Neuro-2A cell line was chosen as the model system for these studies b
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We should also note that oxygen pressure of Krebs solution
2020-05-28
We should also note that oxygen pressure of Krebs solution bubbled with 95% O2+5% CO2 as we used in our study is reported to around 400 mmHg in several studies [48], [49], which is higher than normal arterial O2 pressure (80–100 mmHg). Although superoxide generation at elevated O2 tensions are noted
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What would be the possible off target effects
2020-05-28
What would be the possible off-target effects of enhancing Ndfip1 to control T cell responses? Increasing Ndfip1 activity could limit cytokine production in macrophages, where it has been shown to function in mouse BMDMs to degrade Tak1 and downregulate NFκB signaling [108]. Whether Ndfip1 regulates
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In the signaling cascade of
2020-05-28
In the signaling cascade of innate immunity, most of the receptor proteins, adaptor proteins, and kinases are modified by ubiquitination to activate and transduce the downstream signaling for efficient production of the IFN and proinflammatory cytokines to combat the pathogens. For example, the K-63
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Several studies have indicated that
2020-05-28
Several studies have indicated that ICT induces activation of ERK and p38 kinase in a variety of cells. The ERK pathway was involved in and partly contributed to the neuroprotective effects in rat neuronal ML347 [14] and anticancer effects in several cancer cells [5], [7], [8]. ICT could also simult
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br Discussion Several DPP inhibitors are currently available
2020-05-28
Discussion Several DPP-4 inhibitors are currently available for use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Due to the different chemical structures there are marked differences both in the binding kinetics on the target enzyme [10] and also different pathways of elimination [13] exist. In
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We propose two different pathways for the production of
2020-05-28
We propose two different pathways for the production of this species: either that described by Dooley [24], where the phenol ring is first activated by binding of its oxygen to copper, or one where a copper-peroxo species would directly react with an active site tyrosine residue (Scheme 1B). This se
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Deferasirox Until recently the first line
2020-05-28
Until recently, the first line treatment of RLS was the administration of low dose of three dopaminergic drugs, which has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of moderate to severe RLS. These compounds are pramipexole (Mirapex), rop
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Addressing whether impaired activation of
2020-05-28
Addressing whether impaired activation of D1 and D2 receptors regulates memory capacity is relevant for all human pathologies that lead to reduced activation of these Dihydroartemisinin pathways, such as ageing [39], certain genetic polymorphisms [40] and neurodegenerative disorders. In this study,
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